Risks	Pathophysiology
Respiratory disease (e.g., pneumonia, asthma)	Impaired mucociliary clearance of respiratory tract, impaired phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages, immune & inflammatory cell recruitment to lung tissue
Recurrent otitis media	Impaired mucociliary clearance of eustachian tube
Prematurity & low birth weight	Transplacental exposure to components of tobacco smoke
Sudden infant death syndrome	Likely related to impaired arousal & cardiovascular responses to stimuli