Epidemiology
Etiology
- Chronic placental insufficiency
- ↓ Renal output (e.g., due to bilateral renal agenesis, ARPKD, obstruction of posterior urethral valves)
- Chronic amniotic fluid leakage
Pathophysiology
oligohydramnios → intrauterine compression and decreased amniotic fluid ingestions → ↓ space for fetal development → internal and external deformations
Clinical features
- Pulmonary hypoplasia (cause of death due to severe neonatal respiratory insufficiency)
- Craniofacial abnormalities (e.g., prominent epicanthal and infraorbital folds, flattened nose, receding chin, low set ears)
- Wrinkling of the skin
- Limb anomalies (e.g., bowed legs, clubbed feet)
Mnemonic
Potter babies cannot Pee.
Mnemonic
POTTER sequence associated with: Pulmonary hypoplasia Oligohydramnios (trigger) Twisted face Twisted skin Extremity defects Renal failure (in utero)