Epidemiology


  • Peak incidence: 30–50 years
  • Most common cause of bloody or serous nipple discharge

Etiology


Pathophysiology


Clinical features


  • Solitary papilloma (also known as central papilloma)
  • Multiple papillomas (also known as peripheral papillomas)
    • May be asymptomatic
    • Can present as a peripherally located palpable breast mass
    • Nipple discharge is uncommon.

Diagnostics


Core needle biopsy

  • Indication: all patients with suspected intraductal papilloma
  • Findings
    • Papillary structure with fibrovascular core covered by both epithelial and myoepithelial cellsL4591.jpg
    • Peripheral papillomas may be associated with cellular atypia, DCIS, or invasive breast cancer.

Treatment