Definition: a type of kidney injury that is triggered by crystal deposition and may lead to crystal-induced AKI, crystal-induced CKD, or urolithiasis
Epidemiology
Etiology
Drug-induced: e.g., acyclovir, indinavir, ciprofloxacin, methotrexate
Pathophysiology
Precipitation of minerals (crystallization) → phagocytosis of crystals → activation of the inflammasome → renal damage
Clinical features
Diagnostics
Crystals may be seen on urine microscopy.