Gastroschisis

Condition Diagnosis Pathophysiology Clinical Features
Congenital umbilical hernia Incomplete closure of umbilical ring (fascial opening) Benign, reducible protrusion Defect covered by skin; Midline (umbilical cord at apex)
Omphalocele Abnormal gut rotation without physiologic reduction back into abdominal cavity Sac containing bowel ± other abdominal organs Defect covered by peritoneum (no skin, fascia, muscle); Midline (umbilical cord at apex)
Gastroschisis Full-thickness abdominal wall defect Eviscerated bowel Not covered by membrane; Located to the right of midline/umbilicus

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Tip

Unlike in cases of omphalocele, gastroschisis does not manifest with a hernia sac.

Mnemonic

Omphalocele keeps your gut O-sealed (covered with peritoneum), but in Gastroschisis, the Gut freezes (herniates through the abdominal wall without being covered by peritoneum).