• Etiology: direct mucosal injury caused by prolonged contact with a certain drug
  • Antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, doxycycline, and clindamycin)
  • Antiinflammatory drugs, NSAIDs, aspirin
  • Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate)
  • Others (e.g., potassium chloride, iron compounds, quinidine)
• Diagnostics
  • Endoscopy: punched-out ulcers, mild inflammatory changes of the surrounding mucosa
    • These lesions are typically found in areas of esophageal narrowing.