Epidemiology


Etiology


Pathophysiology


Clinical features


Subtypes and variants


Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis of infancy (FPIAP)

  • Definition: a type of delayed inflammatory non-IgE-mediated food allergy typically seen in young infants that affects the distal colon
  • Epidemiology: primarily affects young infants (typically manifests at 2–8 weeks of age)
  • Etiology
    • Hypersensitivity reaction to certain foods, most commonly cow’s milk, followed by soy protein, rice, and eggs
    • Associated with a personal and family history of atopy
  • Clinical features
    • Insidious progression of symptoms over several months
      • Rectal bleeding
      • Increased stool frequency
      • Streaks of mucus in the stool
      • Abdominal pain
    • Affected infants typically appear otherwise healthy.
  • Histopathology findings include infiltration of eosinophils within the lamina propria and muscularis mucosa.

Diagnostics


Treatment