A syndrome of pain in and dysfunction of the TMJ and muscles of mastication

Epidemiology

Etiology

The etiology of TMJ disorders (TMDs) is likely multifactorial and involves:

Behavioral factors: e.g., poor head and/or cervical spine posture, possibly bruxism
Hypersensitivity of the mandibular nerve (CN V3).
Psychological factors: e.g., depression, anxiety, stress
Trauma to the TMJ: e.g., cervical spine or jaw injuries

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