• Cell count
  • Absolute neutrophil count < 1500 cells/mm3
  • Severe infections typical when < 500 cells/mm3
• Consider granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (e.g., filgrastim, pegfilgrastim) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (e.g., sargramostim) for:
  • Patients with febrile neutropenia who are at high risk for complications
  • Prophylaxis in certain patients receiving cancer treatment
• Antimicrobial prophylaxis (e.g., trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, fluconazole against invasive candidiasis) is limited to high-risk patients under specialist guidance.

Mnemonic

Filgrastim (G-CSF), Sargramostim (GM-CSF)