Epidemiology


Etiology


Pathophysiology


Clinical features


Auscultation

  • Systolic ejection murmur over the second left ICS sternal border
    • Relative pulmonary stenosis due to an increase in stroke volume. Not due to the defect!
  • Widely split second heart sound (S2) over the second left ICS, which is fixed (does not change with respiration)

Diagnostics


Treatment